The White Tsar and the Red Tsar (January-March, 1909).

Dynasty]

Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolayevich (12 years old) and Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich (9 years old) accompanied their grandfather, Tsar Alexander III, who on a leash was leading a small domestic fox on a walk.

"Can I have a fox too?" Mikhail asks with the curiosity and excitement of a small child, basically what he was.

"Perhaps in the future, there is still work to be done before they become fully domesticated. But if we take a fairly small one, they will be more tame towards humans." Tsar Alexander III explains, holding up the fox, that he is caressed by the youngest of the present emperor's grandchildren.

The fox already demonstrated certain traits shared with some domestic dogs.

"Could they be used for hunting?" The eldest, Nicholas, asks curiously.

"Maybe, but that's not my biggest concern." Alexander responds with some indifference to the hunt, fishing was one thing but hunting was a somewhat different sport for the tsar.

"Oh, speaking of which Grandpa ... Hmm. Didn't you have to take care of something today?" Nicholas asks a bit puzzled. Alexander III on the other hand looks in another direction for a moment.

"Surely your father better take care of it, don't worry too much." Tsar Alexander III responds calmly, encouraging his grandchildren to go play a little ahead of him.

The tsar's throat hurt a lot and a strong cough followed him slightly as he walked, although it seemed quite normal, it was obvious that the tsar was getting old.

While the Tsar spent more time with two of his grandchildren (Tsesarevich's eldest sons), Tsesarevich Nicholas himself replaced his father in certain duties more and more often, especially in the First Duma.

Although Tsar Alexander III still had the word and all the power in the council of ministers, in addition to other branches and functions of the government.

But it was just getting harder and harder to deal with everything, and the heir simply took the lead on some pertinent matters, like the usual sessions in the State Duma.

Tsar Alexander III never thought of abdicating despite his health or the increasing activity of the experienced Tsesarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich Romanov.

*******

"Nicholas Nikolayevich seems more oriented to the army, he has always been since he was little and it does not seem that this is going to change much during his adolescence.

He doesn't seem exactly bad in other ways, but he's not exactly good either, he's just decent in his studies at the moment.

Mikhail is too young to initiate any judgment about him, but he is not stupid either, he should be able to survive.

He does not have the same military inclinations as his brother but he seems sociable and inclined to these types of areas, his development could be positive or negative.

For the moment, I think the two of them will survive long enough to be Nicholas's potential heirs.

By law Maria cannot inherit, and Cyril and Sergei are still too young for me to observe anything beyond his current abilities. "

-Notes from Tsar Alexander III before he destroyed them again.

*******

[Balkans]

The Tsesarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich Romanov and other members of the general staff of the Russian Empire (such as Mikhail Skobelev) made more decisions regarding the Russian intervention in the Balkan crises (especially in southern Bulgaria, Romania and the last Greek nationalists), since the Tsar Alexander III was withdrawing from the military affairs of said intervention.

Although he still gave certain orders regarding the treatment of civilians / non-combatants and other similar directives (in addition to at least reviewing and accepting documents created by the army and the bureaucracy), but the tsar was no longer an active party listening to advisers.

Now the Tsesarevich, allies and senior military commanders were dealing with the situation even more proactively than before.

By January Tsesarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich's first business was to bring order to southern Bulgaria and northeast Greece before turning into the interior of Romania to put an end to liberals in the region.

On the 3rd of that month, the Tsesarevich carried out together with the Russian high command the first directive of the war to put an end to the Greek guerrilla movements in the Greek Macedonia annexed by Bulgaria.

The objective of the operation was that the encirclement of Russian-Bulgarian forces over the Greek guerrillas finally came to fruition after the capture of the southern coasts and the Bulgarian dominance over the northern territories.

For this reason, the border between Bulgaria and Greece is militarized during the operation, further preventing the transfer of Greek nationalists to the region.

During the first weeks, various attacks began against the Greek guerrillas in the mountains, a region that is undoubtedly difficult for combat for most of the troops involved. But the invading forces have an advantage in logistics and resources.

With the territory under siege, the guerrillas suffered from hunger, lack of medicines and obviously limited weapons-ammunition. Despite this obviously the Balkan spirit is very difficult to break.

However, the largest cells of guerrillas were militarily annihilated, with small groups spreading more and more, literally hiding in some caves from time to time.

With the reduction of the problem, on January 14 martial law is lifted in central regions of Bulgaria, but the Russian and Bulgarian intelligence services begin to take action in the northeast of Greece and the rebellious Bulgarian territory.

The occupied cities begin to be administered by the military in search of the reduction of the last local sympathizers, and guerrillas-sympathizers are prevented from escaping to collaborators thanks to various jobs and civil-military security measures.

The coalition administration was decent in reducing the Greek danger in southern Bulgaria and again foreign forces put in order the last Greek rebels, usually disappeared (extra-officially executed) or extradited to Bulgaria, for crimes of alliance and terrorism with rebels.

There was some minor opposition in the Kingdom of Greece, but finally Athens fell back to foreign pressure, the Greek mood had been strangled once more.

By the end of January and the beginning of February the coalition could finally fixate on Romania and its problems. Nicholas Alexandrovich, Ferdinand I, Peter I, and Alexander I set their sights on the elimination of republican liberalism from Romania.

This was a terrible situation for civil rights policies in the Kingdom of Romania, the parliament was restructured to be run by collaborators and conservatives who did not represent a threat.

Republican leaders and other members of similar groups were executed, tortured or imprisoned indefinitely.

The rebellious peasants suffered similar fates, dying in combat or executed after capture, in a few weeks thousands upon thousands of peasants had died as loyalist and foreign troops advanced.

The cities and urban towns did not fall as in the last peasant revolt, after all the peasants were tired and the crops suffered serious problems. While the coalition logistics were almost completely intact and the loyalist government received foreign support.

Although the war did not end, rebel lands were divided among loyal peasants, who received some special treatment to give support to the monarchy and the coalition in return.

Food supplies were cut off through the looting of northern Bulgaria and much rebel food would be destroyed by coalition forces.

By mid-February, martial law ended in certain controlled sectors of Romania, martial law in central territories followed the same pattern as activities in Bulgaria and Greece.

The rebels were exterminated group by group or captured, their resources stolen or destroyed until they were finally reduced.

Brutal but frighteningly effective was the terror that occurred in Romania, Ferdinand I or Nicholas Alexandrovich was not compared to men like Vlad Tepes, but it was still true ... spectacle.

Rebel masses in mass graves and multiple executions, etc.

On February 21, Tsesarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich and Premier Stolypin, accompanied by one of the KGB directors, create the final directive for the establishment of order and reconstruction of the Balkan situation.

Tsar Alexander III, although opposed to certain actions, finally signs the directive for local reconstruction and the establishment of order.

Part of the reason was Stolypin's support for the measures of the directive, the Tsesareivich, opinions of the high command and of course the secret services.

Shortly after the tsar and his foreign affairs service ratified the new borders of post-intervention Romania in the territory.

*******

* Perspective and more.

"And how was it?". Director Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili of the KGB asks curiously.

"The czar's morale is very strong, but he has agreed to give in to certain measures while he and other individuals lead the face of the Empire in the rebuilding of the affected countries." The Tsesarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich Romanov informs his collaborator, recently arrived at the job of director.

"It sounds like a fair deal, the Tsar wants to maintain the image of the Russian Empire and 'restart' relations after the Balkan crises, but first we must ensure the pacification of the population." Iosif Dzhugashvili indicates.

"That is certainly true ... I am confident that this partnership will pay off." The Tsesarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich affirms.

"I assure you." Dzhugashvili exclaims, quite capable.

"I can tell you a little secret, if they are not dead, most of them break in the first month, abandon their escape plans and their will bends in the second month." Felix Dzerzhinsky 'Iron Felix' exclaims appearing from behind, near Nicholas and Iosif. Both Nicholas and Iosif sigh more seriously, but Felix is much more jovial.

"What if they don't break in the second month?" Nicholas asks, as he takes Felix's hand off of his shoulder.

"I already mentioned that death is an option at the beginning, right?" Felix mentions.

"We also have other methods ...". Iosif adds nonchalantly.

March was a dual stage of 'Restart and Reconstruction' directives, locally dangerous liberal-nationalist activities were put to an end and the Russian government fought for greater diplomatic-political cooperation and economic development between the Empire and the Balkan countries.

*Romania.

In the public eye, the Russian Empire gave Romania certain economic assets to reestablish the functioning of basic infrastructure (railways, government buildings, military buildings, hospitals and the like), commerce and obviously the reconstruction of other aspects of the Romanian economy (industry and farming).

On the trade side, the Russian Empire is obviously the largest economy in the nearby region and offered the best deal for the new Romanian situation, for trade to the Black Sea and the economic development of Romanian Moldova.

This would form a Kingdom of Romania increasingly dependent on the Russian Empire, not only for passing through the straits, but also for many other economic developments.

Capital can be turned into power with the right methods.

This is why Romania and Russia had a rapid reconnection, supported by collaborators (and neutral survivors) based on new economic policies, bilateral ties, propaganda and the national government being in the pocket of Alexander III and Ferdinand I.

Romanian Orthodoxy and Russian Orthodoxy came closer together, being one of the strong connections between Russia and Romania as there were not many other cultural-ethnic similarities.

Romania would certainly need more time to reconcile with Bulgaria or Serbia, but things were not going completely wrong on all fronts.

In aspects of land trade, the railways and industries of Bessarabia became a source of strong regional trade between Romania and Russia.

Russian capital began to make more connections between the two countries, of course Bessarabia was not going to abandon the Empire, the army would prevent anything like that, but we are talking about economic connections.

In other aspects of industry and agriculture, the Russian Empire and the government of the Kingdom of Romania had already carried out new agrarian reforms, but now there were more civilians killed.

Consequently, the Russians sold food to Romania and financed some mechanization of agriculture to some extent.

But this being still difficult, the Russian Empire also 'offered scholarships for various economic and agricultural-industrial studies to young Romanians at Russian universities.

As always, a tactic for the benefit of Russia, be it in bilateral relations with Romania or simply profiting from quite a bit of Romanian talent.

*Bulgaria.

Most of the Bulgarian national economy was intact of course, although there were certain problems for farming communities in the north, it was not such a major damage and that Bulgaria-Russia could not solve.

The problem would be to repair what was destroyed in annexed territories, that is, not Bulgaria proper.

Due to this Tsar Alexander I and the Bulgarian government yielded to more opinions-orders of Tsar Alexander III than before, learning for the attempts of integration of the achieved territories.

To start, in the territory annexed to Greece, after the death of many natives, the Bulgarian government started a redistribution of land to place more Slavic (Bulgarian) citizens in the territory.

The project of reconstruction of the Bulgarian ports in the Mediterranean began and the cooperation of authorities with collaborators during the war and non-Greek minorities (mainly Jews, although there were some others).

For the Romanian territories at first, Ferdinand I and Alexander I agreed to certain population exchanges, various Romanians went to Wallachia proper and non-Romanian minorities came to the annexed territories.

Although some movement of ethnic Slavs to these territories was also promoted, this is how Russia did too (promoting loyal natives of Bessarabia, Ukrainians and Russians).

The new relations would go relatively well, Bulgaria received a little lesson in humility by experiencing this war in her territory, although some say it was not enough.

Of course especially Romania and Greece still had some problems with Bulgaria, but the army was fine and politics was again more stable between Serbian-Bulgarian-Russian relations.

* Serbia.

Serbia was a case similar to Bulgaria, economically quite intact and cooperating with local minorities and the governments of Russia and Romania for its new territory.

Banat Germans and Serbs, as well as other collaborators, received quite a few good deals, while Banat Romanians went to occupy new unoccupied lands inside the Kingdom of Romania to support the new agrarian reform and reconstruction.

With certain incentives and financial reimbursements from the coalition.

Not much else to say.

*Greece.

Greece was a difficult case, the nationalist cause lost again, although Russia would once again offer stabilization treaties, this time the Greek government would enter a period of isolation, cooperating with Russia only for certain aspects of dealing with the last remnants of militant guerrillas and nationalists.

The Greek economy went from bad to worse with trade problems caused by the Balkan crises, and King George I continued to decline in popularity as did the monarchy.

*******

Of course these primacies of a re-initiation of local diplomatic relations and economic reconstruction were the main events that a large part of the common population lived in Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia and Hungary (Greece was a serious exception).

National memory is not short, but after a war there is a certain period of calm, the youth who fight are dead or get old. Everything returns to certain conflicts (violent or more civilized) with the passage of time (years or generations).

The model of Tsar Alexander III sought to resolve these differences and de-radicalize the population through education and the economy, it certainly fell within its possibilities and was successful, but it was not the only model.

In addition to the fact that he still needed a certain exercise of violence or authoritarianism, for which the army and the government served.

But the secret services and the Tsesarevich Nicholas Alexandrovich Romanov had other forms that supported the Alexandrian model, accompanied by many collaborators and local governments, they made policies for a re-start of a different character.

The Ionian method as it was called in later analyzes (related to the Ionian islands rather than to the participation of the State of Ionia), effective and brutal.

The access of innocent civilians to certain information was limited during this time, while those determined to be dangerous, harmful or radical were deprived of liberty and political defenses, among other human rights.

In the smaller Ionian islands in the hands of Russia, Ionia and Bulgaria, many people would be imprisoned or executed, escape from the islands was practically impossible thanks to the armed forces and the quality of life of the prisoners was seriously restricted.

The intelligence services, more specifically the KGB, were in charge of the dismantling or destruction of many of these radicals, especially nationalists, terrorists and liberals of an anti-monarchical character.

The elimination of these was practically systematic, butchering for many. Although the execution for some would be pious, after all there were also serious torture and other abuses in the Ionian method.

* An urban myth says that Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili earned his nickname "Stalin" during this, but actually the oldest records on the nickname indicate that it was adopted in 1912 and not 1909.

(OOC: In part I base the title "Ionian method" on the Jakarta Method).

*Perspective.

"Sometimes, you don't make things easy for me Nicholas." The tsar insists calmly, wiping his hand with a napkin. The napkin is bloody after a minor health attack from the tsar.

"Sorry Old Man." Nicholas Alexandrovich promptly indicates.

"... I understand that we are different people Nicholas, I do not accept all your methods, but once I am gone I will not be able to stop you. I only warn you, remember that sometimes you also need space to laugh at life a little, you are so serious that It looks like you have a stick in your *** all the time. " Tsar Alexander III mentions laughing.

Nicholas was somewhat annoyed or perhaps embarrassed. "You shouldn't talk like that old man." The Tsesarevich indicates.

"I am old, I will speak as I want." The Tsar insists.

"As you tant then..." Nicholas accepts.

"Everything seems fine." Nicholas Alexandrovich exclaims calmly.

"Perfect then." Iosif mentions. "Any consideration?"

"Let's keep all of this under control and it should continue well, let's not let any… comrades cross the line or sell secrets." Nicholas Alexandrovich explains.

"Of course, all those who try to step out of line know that they would be dead in no time without us, so loyalty and restraint are assured to some extent. Traitors ... well, they will be eliminated eventually." Director Dzhugashvili indicates.

"Very well, then those criminals and terrorists should remain locked up or dead, without incident and without witnesses." Nicholas adds and of course the KGB director agrees.

"The voice of the sovereign, our Little Father, here by God's design, is too pure for our world. That is why we speak for him.

Every paradise needs: A strict supervisor.

We don't serve a few hundred nobles. We serve millions of peasants and workers. "

-A little Russian poem.

*******

[Russosphere: Siam]

On March 10, Tsar Alexander III of the Russian Empire and King Rama V (Chulalongkorn,) of the Rattanakosin Kingdom (อาณาจักร รัตนโกสินทร์) signed a new agreement on certain joint projects.

The Thai channel was still in progress without stopping, according to all the data of the time, it would be finished in 1916. But we talk about the joint projects following a process of 'cultural exchange' and other regional projects.

The cultural exchange had occurred through gastro-diplomacy, education (modernization of Thai education, scholarships in Russia and the like) and the Russian capital-economy giving influence to Siam / Thailand.

This project had a more religious character and also made the aristocracy and the rest of the regional government.

We have to understand that Siam became an increasingly modern country, the old power relations became obsolete with the reform, modern European education had come influencing the dynasty, with railways and telegraphs creating a centralized government throughout Thai lands, formerly semi-autonomous or far from central authority.

However education, through construction or scholarships, came mainly to the growing middle class, peasants and the ruling dynasty. In an absolute monarchy, this is an incredible improvement, but it was an aristocracy still not entirely convinced by the modernizing ways of Rama V.

Now these new projects meant bridges, roads, more infrastructure and keeping the central army loyal to the government of Rama V and his successors.

While also modernizing the ideas of the country's aristocracy, especially the youngest. In particular, the king's heir, the future Rama VI, understood that the participation of the common faith in government could not be forever obstructed in the new Thailand.

But top Russian officials and King Rama V understood that the aristocracy could be a problem. So it was better to attack the problem before the succession, just in case.

Regarding religion, the cultural exchange was between the main Buddhist cultures of Russia (Korean Buddhists, Mongolian Buddhists and Kalmyks).

Theravada Buddhism predominates in Thailand, although there were a few minorities of Muslims, Christians (Orthodox as the most growing Christian group since Siam entered the Russosphere) and some other beliefs, local or foreign.

The exchange was mainly in events, some celebrations, the construction of monuments or gift exchanges.

Although the Buddhist schools were different, there was some room for respect, especially when Russia had planned to open some new Buddhist temples on its own territory, negotiating in Tibet and the like.

Thailand benefited, as an ally, from relations with a fairly respectful European power that helped escape European colonialism.

But perhaps most importantly, this cultural exchange also made the Russian and Thai governments a certain 'promotion' of Buddhism among the Dalits of India.

The Dalits, "broken" or "scattered", are the lowest members of the caste system in the British Raj. Therefore victims of a lot of discrimination and poor conditions.

Given this, Buddhism was popular with some of them, and allowed Thailand and Russia to obtain certain information or useful assets near the British Raj.

Of course most of the Dalits remained Hindu, but it was interesting to see how things were developing from the Dalit perspective.

Hindus and Muslims, Indians of various castes, were fighting in Punjab and Bengal against British colonialism. Despite British attempts, guerrilla warfare in the vast territory had become very complicated, probably spanning many years in the times to come.

*******

*Perspective.

"I must say, that as a Christian European, I do not understand Buddhism." Tsar Alexander III indicates.

"I see. At the beginning of my stay in Russia I did not fully understand the differences between different forms of Christianity either." Prince Chakrabongse Bhuvanath, son of Rama V and already known to Alexander, indicates.

"Different perspectives certainly add flavor to life. Tell me, how about you help me understand a little more about Buddhism? For now, my relationship with it has been mainly for business with Agvan Dorzhiev." Alexander III calmly mentions.

"... I'll try, but I'm not the best teacher." Prince Chakrabongse Bhuvanath warns.

*******

[Keniya]

The news was coming faster and faster, before many technological improvements, the trip-shipping took between 20 to 30 days (if they came from St. Petersburg, Moscow or London) but now with improvements in transport and cheaper means of transport. communication, these days were reduced.

The interior of Keniya was still somewhat isolated, but the coast was a vibrant and increasingly developed environment, especially large administrative, urban and commercial centers such as the city of Mombasa.

"Hello, excuse me." A 17-year-old asks an adult.

"What's going on?". The man asks curiously.

"Do you know where the University of Mombasa is?" The young man questions with curiosity, fortunately finding the address after having suffered only a small detour.

"What is your name?". One of the university officials asks.

"Itamar Ben-Avi. I was born Ben-Zion Ben-Yehuda, I am here to finish my studies for a career in journalism." The young Ben-Avi indicates with emotion, soon opening for him the doors of the educational world of Mombasa, Keniya.

There were several reasons for the young man to study there and not in the continental Russian Empire, mainly to interview and photograph about the Jewish diaspora in the Russian Colonial Empire, at a time when Jewish immigration to certain areas of colonial Africa was especially prohibited limited.

And migration to Palestine occupied by the French armed forces and with a local Arab government was difficult, a serious damage to the Zionist movement.

"Have you heard of some of the Jewish scientists in the Russian Empire? Recently a Jew of German origin has been proposing some theories in the field of physics and many have given opinions against it." Ben-Avi asks curiously.

"I've heard something. Why the interest?" Ben-Avi's science teacher responds.

"I want to know a little more about what you think of Einstein or other Jewish scientists in the Russian Empire?" Ben-Avi explains.

"... Personally, I don't know if his theories are wrong or true, but I don't care much about him as a person or other scientists, Jewish or not, Mr. Ben-Avi." The professor exclaims. "Tell me, Ben-Avi. Have you ever worked the land? Any agricultural work or the like? Anything non-intellectual?"

"Not in particular." Ben-Avi admits with some nonchalance.

"That is more important than you think Mr. Ben-Avi. There are people as brilliant or more brilliant than any scientist in history, who have lived and died simple people. Limited either by lack of means, lack of luck or the time. where they lived. " The teacher mentions. "Think about it a bit and ask simpler questions to really get to know those who live here, work with them."

"Man, I hate this." Ben-Avi mentions with annoyance while he works in a garden of a local cooperative along with some settlers and natives.

"The food has to come from somewhere. Many have farms or at least their own gardens on their home grounds, but there are still other options." One of the workers exclaims.

"The life of a Russian Jew in Keniya is quite peaceful, usually they are not part of the militia or local police and administration services, instead they are engaged in financial services, education, medicine and jobs in the local judiciary.

Sectors that became increasingly competitive there in the mainland Russian Empire.

I must say that the location certainly favors the settlement, it is less jungle than Kameroon or Madacascar, and less desert than Somalia or Namibia. Much more spacious than Sagallo too.

Therefore it is not surprising that certain Jewish immigrants who left the mainland Russian empire came to Kenya, there is a lot of space available for agriculture (vegetables and fruits) and cities where the skills of immigrants or more settlers are required.

The jewel in this crown is Mombasa, there are a lot of Orthodox, Muslims and Jews in the locality, and some other urban centers.

The interior of Keniya is much less cosmopolitan, more agricultural and rural, dominated by natives, but there is a growing group of small farmers from various ethno-cultures.

The colonial administration divides the territories between the natives and those new citizens, so it is sometimes slow for an immigrant to obtain a plot of land.

But one seems to be able to obtain work or food through certain local cooperatives. "

-Some sketches of scriptures by Itamar Ben-Avi.

*******

[International]

January 1, the Disenfranchisement Act of 1908 is created in the state of Georgia, United States. This is another of the laws dedicated to reducing the number of African Americans able to exercise their right to vote.

Mainly through literacy tests and the like.

In the Kingdom of Hawai'i the monarchy creates pensions for the elderly. Now people over 70 and earning less than $ 7 Hawaiian a week receive a state pension.

This is the beginning of the welfare system in the Hawaiian state and it is quite a positive change for certain parts of society.

Although of course there are still other serious problems to tackle for Hawai'i, like alcoholism.

January 2, this day the Chinese general Yuan Shikai is fired from his job as viceroy of Zhili (one of the viceroyalties of northern China) by Prince Chun, prince regent of the Qing dynasty.

Yuan Shikai then escapes the threat of execution in Beijing, said death sentence was supposedly ordered in the will of the previous emperor, but it is publicly announced that Yuan Shikai resigned to return to his hometown.

During these moments Yuan Shikai keeps in touch with one of his old allies, Duan Qirui, to continue obtaining information about the Qing dynasty army (the Beiyang army remains loyal to Yuan Shikai).

* Both factions of the Qing court and revolutionary factions such as Sun Yat-sen would try to place Yuan Shikai on their side.

January 3, Max Weber (one of the three main fathers of sociology along with Durkheim and Marx), Rudolf Goldscheid, Ferdinand Tönnies, Georg Simmel and other German sociologists found the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Soziologie (DGS, German Sociological Society).

January 4, Professor J. Rendel Harris discovers the Odes of Salomon, a collection of forty-two hymns that had been considered lost. Re-found in a Syriac manuscript from the 15th century.

The odes / hymns are believed to have been composed in the 3rd century AD, celebrating the union of Christ and believers.

January 5, rabies epidemic in Pennsylvania generates a 100-day quarantine in the settlements of Springboro, Conneautville, Meadville, Brookville and Linesville.

This, however, has certain problems of an economic and socio-political-cultural nature, which result in certain failures for said curantena. Fortunately rabies does not spread beyond Western Pennsylvania.

January 6, in the middle of the great Latin American wars, several naval battles are carried out, especially between Argentina and Chile. Cape Horn becomes an even bigger graveyard because of this.

Why a marine fight?

Very simple, the geographical position of both countries makes a conflict truly difficult, the war in the Andes is simply very difficult for countries seeking offense and easy for those seeking defense.

Although there are attempts to create an Andean front, the truth is that the first battles occurred between the fleets of both countries, seeking to attack Tierra del Fuego and various islands.

January 9, Henry Ford's "The Dearborn Independent" becomes the official newspaper of the National Republicans, at the insistence of Ford, one of the two main leaders of the party after Robert La Follete Sr.

The newspaper would go on to promote itself as "A publication that does not beat around the bush or suppress facts, when the public welfare demands to speak bluntly about public men, legislative measures or social and industrial injustices."

Of course Ford's anti-Semitism does not count as a social injustice ...

January 11, after certain cases (the last 4 executions of this type), the death penalty by guillotine is finally repealed in the People's Republic of France.

Execution by firing squad is now simply applied, while the guillotine is still used in the Second French Empire (from Africa to Palestine-Transjordan).

January 12, Hermann Minkowski contemporary and friend of Albert Einstein and David Hilbert dies at the age of 44 from an infection.

Less than four months earlier, Minkowski had presented the mathematical framework by which Einstein's theory could be explained.

This is very important, but Minkowski died in the early years of the development of relativity, so "Minkowski spacetime" would only be recognized a few years after the mathematician's death.

January 20, 18 killed and 26 wounded in the Hippo Wars, which continues to be a defeat for humans in the Mississippi Delta.

January 21, various terrorist attacks and civil conflicts between various native factions and Japanese settlers in Firipin, the project of deconolization of the Empire of Japan.

January 23, the steamer RMS Republic, becomes the largest civil ship lost in the history of that time (1908), with about 15,378 tons.

Only about 6 people die in the sinking, partly thanks to the modern technology of the Republic (wireless telegraph) the rest of the crew were saved.

January 24, Robert Hutchings Goddard, American engineer, theorizes about the use of explosives for rocket propulsion as follows: "If an explosive ... is burned in tubes in such a way that all its energy is converted into kinetic energy of the particles expelled and the body propelled, it is, theoretically, possible to obtain propulsion ".

He was not the first to have similar ideas, but he does consider himself one of the fathers of space exploration, especially in the United States.

January 26, German astronomer Max Wolf discovers SN 1909a, the first supernova observed from Earth.

The nova itself happened (more) 27 million years ago, in the direction of Ursa Major.

February 2, Felipe Carrillo Puerto's troops join the guerrilla Francisco / Pancho Villa, creating a great coalition in the south of what remains of the Second Mexican Empire, composed of severe Native American tribes and other Mexican citizens opposed to the United States. .

The Germans and the imperial government are neutral, but they give Villa some material support when he and his allies march north to confront the Americans again.

Emilio Madero and Venustiano Carranza are still standing to support the idea of a joint struggle between guerrillas and revolutionaries against the invader. For the moment they agree to remain neutral to the imperial citizens (Germans and Mexican monarchists).

February 3, a measure in California to forbid foreign ownership of land failed 48–28 in the state House of Representatives.

This is something that could undoubtedly have consequences, it is precisely what helps the sovereignty and economy of a country in certain strategic or vital cases.

Curiously, the law that does pass in the House of Representatives of California, is a law on February 4, which segregates the schools of California. Asian American of Chinese, Japanese or Mongolian origin and California Indian children cannot attend schools with white children.

The state senate passes this segregation law.

February 5, the Argentine navy causes a severe defeat to the Chilean navy allowing an initial advantage of this country over the other.

February 8, Hiram Percy Maxim son of Hiram Maxim, demonstrates one of the first sound suppressors for weapons, the Maxim silencer.

February 9, the opioid trade to Hawai'i, the United States, and mainland Mexico increases sharply across the Pacific from the British Raj, Afghanistan, and China.

February 11, although we are three weeks away from a change of government in the United States, the Mexican attacks on US troops continue.

Elihu Root visits Panama briefly and even his ship suffers a failed attack by Mexican guerrillas. Fortunately there were no damages, injuries or deaths.

However, it is clear that the situation is complicated ...

February 12, the United States celebrates the centennial of the birth of Abraham Lincoln.

February 14, 250 American troops are set on fire by Mexican guerrillas, obviously there are no survivors in the so-called Acapulco Massacre (because it happened in Acapulco).

The massacre was perpetrated by Pancho Villa's troops and his allies, who have been viewed with high contempt by the Americans before, but now the propaganda of the imperialists and jingoists is only increasing very quickly and seriously.

Some individuals then claim (for propaganda and hate) that the Mexicans are savages and sub-humans (mixed-race ones, native americans, black mexicans or just that the white Mexicans aren't like the white Americans).

A very valid opinion from an invader about the invaded people (OOC: Sarcasm).

January 17, the Chiricahua Apache leader, Geronimo (born Goyaále), dies after an illness caused six days earlier during a drunken state where he had an incident.

A sad end for a man who led several of the wars of the Apache for 20 years against the white man's government.

On February 20, the Italian Filippo Tommaso Emilio Marinetti publishes his Futurist Manifesto or Manifesto of Futurism, which starts the futurist movement in art.

Unfortunately Marinetti's Futurism is not well appreciated at the time where it emerged, in socialist Italy and other parts of the socialist world (such as the People's Republic of France, where Marinetti first published his manifesto).

This due to the popularity of socialist realism and other factors, such as simple randomness.

On February 21, the 19-year-old nephew of writer Theodore Roosevelt, Stewart Douglas Robinson, died after falling from the sixth floor of a dormitory at Harvard University.

February 28, a creation of the Socialist Party of America (USA) is celebrated for the first time, National Women's Day, which will later become International Women's Day (March 8).

March 4, William J. Bryan officially becomes President of the United States, initiating a democratic return after a previous disastrous Republican period.

The truth is that Elihu Root's legacy is tainted by various factors beyond his control, he could have been a better president or presidential adviser in different circumstances, but he was not very lucky.

The Great Depression and other economic problems/natural disasters hit the country, social movements outside the Republican Party gained strength in the absence of progressive Republicans with enough power-action and the war between the United States and Germany-Mexico and allies supposed a delay of the economic policies of President Root, therefore he could not make these.

The most remarkable thing is the new beginning of American imperialism through the conquest of Panama and the establishment of American power (of economic, cultural and political nature) in Hispaniola in the American-German war. Apart from that, President Root was persecuted for things beyond his control and could not solve the previous problems (continued racial segregation and corporate corruption).

*A pro-active damage of Root, was the damage make to the feminist movement of America.

March 9, violent conflicts in Latin America expand when the Salvadoran gunboat Presidente is attacked by three Nicaraguan naval vessels, including the Momotombo ship.

Violence in the south will soon also spread to various parts of Central America, between governments and guerrilla-criminals of various kinds.

March 10, the Russian Empire adopts new uniforms for its armed forces.

(OOC: Basically those from the Russian Empire in WW1 but better things like helmets and weapons, later we will see modified Soviet uniforms).

March 12, the American detective from New York, Joe Petrino, tries to illegally enter Sicilia (Federative Socialist Republic of Italy) to investigate alleged links between the Italian mafias in the United States and the Italian mafias (of which Petrino did not have much information ).

Of course, since the United States did not recognize socialist Italy and Petrino wanted to enter illegally, the American citizen was shot dead by a local militia from Palermo (Sicilian Socialist Republic).

This explodes ANOTHER diplomatic crisis between socialist Italy and the United States, which threatens to send its navy to socialist Italy.

* There will also be several cases of violence against Italian Americans.

War is declared between El Salvador and Nicaragua, the United States sends ships to the region insisting that Nicaragua, led by President Zalaya, has a very warlike attitude.

Also against certain interests of the fruit companies of the United States in Central America.

At the moment the great Latin American wars are not stopped, it is clear that the violence is getting worse at times.

March 14, a very curious event occurs ... A child in Tuxedo Park, New York, is run over and killed by a decorative rock whose balance had been broken.

The rock weighed 1814,369 kilograms (4000 pounds).

... USA is weird sometimes.

March 16, President Bryan modifies the Bureau of Investigation, adding the word federal, creating the Federal Bureau of Investigation or FBI.

March 21, the remains of Muhammad Shirazi, "The Báb" (1819–1850), one of three central figures of the Baháʼí Faith, were interred in Haifa, French-Arab Palestine by `Abdu'l-Bahá (the eldest son of Baháʼu'lláh adn head of the Baháʼí Faith since 1892), who had retrieved the remains from Persia / Qajar Dynasty.

March 23, the writer Theodore Roosevelt goes on a safari through the African continent, traveling in particular with scientific interests promoted by The Smithsonian, personal interests of writer and adventurer, and perhaps some other particular that arise at the time.

March 25, hundreds of members of the Creek Nation under the leadership of Chief Crazy Snake rise up against the US government, initiating the Crazy Snake Rebellion, between the white man and the Creek of Oklahoma.

3 days later in March 28, 6 whites had been killed by the Creek.

March 27, first Chinese nationality law of the goverment of the current Emperor (Puyi) is proclaimed by the Imperial Court and goverment, that says that all persons of Chinese nationality are citizens entitled to protection acording to the Qing Dynasty law.

Currently many previously Chinese territories aren't anymore part of Qing in 1909, like Xinjiang or Mongolia, Tibet, etc. So this doesn't apply to them there, for obvious reasons.

On the same day Prince George (Ђорђе Карађорђевић / Đorđe Karađorđević), heir to the Kingdom of Serbia (older son of Peter I), murders a valet by kicking him to death. The prince always had a reputation for being very headstrong and hot-headed, but he hadn't come to the murder (only attacking a guardian once).

Faced with this and bad press reports after an attempted cover-up, George relinquishes his right to the throne and moves to Russia to join the foreign legion of the Russian armed forces.

March 29, the German pan-Germanicists of the Great National German Reich Party (Große Nationale Deutsche Reichspartei, GNDR) proclaim the doctrine "Nibelungentreue", which means "Nibelung Loyalty".

Involving an unquestionable, excessive and 'magnificent' loyalty and mutual support towards a cause (or person).

More specifically, the pan-German cause (uniting all Germanic and Norse) and the German emperor (Kaiser).

expressing the concept of absolute, unquestioning, excessive and potentially disastrous loyalty to a cause or person.

March 31, begins the construction of the RMS Titanic. Recognized as one of the British inspirations for military ships of similar size.