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Lonely Bear - Russian SI [Second Thread] - Threadmarks

Not my stories author (sersor)

Star_Maker4 · Book&Literature
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Days of vengeance have befallen us ... let us repent so that the Lord does not destroy us (January-March, 1917).

"Hahaha." Nicholas II laughs after learning of the death of King Albert Victor of the Imperial Federation.

"What are you laughing at Dad?" The Tsesarevich Nicholas asks curiously entering the room.

"Nothing." Nicholas II calmly mentions deflecting the matter. Meanwhile the Tsesarevich came in to talk to his father about minor things, the Tsesarevich still insisted on deviating from the course that the tsar wanted for his heir.

The tsar was certainly a bit upset, but he had other matters to discuss.

"So Edward VIII is definitely saner than Albert Victor ... but he's no better." Nicholas II mentions. "Let me re-articulate that last, he is no better, for our interests."

"Precisely. He seems interested in major reforms, but only to continue the path of his predecessor." Stalin indicates with the information that he has from the KGB.

"Is there no power vacuum, or opposition that we can use?" Nicholas II asks.

"Not since the uprisings in Bengal and Ireland, the Imperial Federation has been covering its problems well lately." Stalin indicates. "This is dangerous."

"Yes, it is not necessary to say that again ..." Nicholas II indicates. "We are going to meet with Deputy Minister Brusilov and Minister Alexander Romanov, it is clear that there are matters that we have to discuss."

"Right away." Stalin readily asserts by collecting various papers.

There were several projects in the Russian Empire at that time, some more secret than others.

Such as the chemical weapons program and rocket projects (under Konstantin Tsiolkovsky).

It was funny, Albert Victor died but nothing had really changed.

But other things had changed, such as Russia and the United States. That was troublesome.

*******

[Imperial Crisis]

February 20, 1916, an important event occurs that defines an important part of the later years of the political life of the Russian Empire.

Perhaps the most important event of Russian democracy, counting that probably all the rest of its history, is a response to that event in one way or another.

Premier Mikhail Dmitriyevich Skobelev, who served as head of the Second and Third Duma, president of the Pan-Russian National Union and minister of war, dies at the age of 73, during his second term because of natural causes.

Normally the death of an elected official causes certain problems in a government, that is true, but the extent of the importance of the death of Premier Skobelev is massive in the Russian Empire for a few reasons.

Not only because of the subsequent reorganization, but because Skobelev's death greatly changed the situation in the government and the Third (III) Duma, related to the politics of the Russian Empire itself.

At a delicate moment in Russian history, following the post-war period after the signing of the Treaty of Visegrad.

Tsar Nicholas II continued to rule of course, but now the position of Premier went to the Deputy Premier, Pyotr Nikolaevich Balashov (and Aleksey Brusilov became minister of war of the Russian Empire).

While Brusilov's rise went smoothly, the succession to the Premier position was not for a number of reasons. Among them the factional struggle within the Pan-Russian National Union, which finally overflowed with the death of Skobelev.

Balashov's leadership did not convince everyone and he also had little interest in keeping the party fully united after the death of Skobelev, which for obvious reasons did not help the Third Duma government.

Skobelev's death effectively marks the beginning of the Imperial Crisis, a huge problem in these years of the Russian Empire, which was unleashed with the effective dissolution of the VNS and the later 1920 elections.

Product of the struggle within the internal politics of the Russian Empire, and the consequences of the last years of the Alexandrian period and the Premierships of Mikhail Skobelev. That included important tensions between ideologies, parties and historical personalities, added to the militarism of Russian society (the role of the armed forces in the state).

Goverment of the Russian Empire at 1917 after the death of Mikhail Skobelev.

Tsar: Nicholas II (Nicholas Alexandrovich Romanov).

Tsesarevich: Nicholas Nikolaevich Romanov.

Premier of the State Duma: Pyotr Nikolaevich Balashov

Deputy Premier of the State Duma:

Minister of War: Aleksey Alekseyevich Brusilov

Minister of the Interior: Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin.

Minister of the Navy: Alexander Mikhailovich Romanov.

Ministry of the Imperial Court: Vladimir Borisovich Frederiks (Adolf Andreas Voldemar Friedricks / Adolf Andreas Woldemar Freedericksz).

Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Mikhail Nikolaevich Girs.

Ministry of Finance, Trade and Industry:

Ministry of Public Education, Technology and Culture: Pyotr Mikhailovich von-Kaufman (von-Kaufman-Turkestan).

Ministry of Justice: Ivan Grigorievich Scheglovitov.

800px-Tage_derr.jpeg

The painting: Days of vengeance have befallen us ... let us repent so that the Lord does not destroy us.

The artist isn't 100% known.​

*[Third Duma]

How did change the Third (III) Duma after the death of Mikhail Skobelev?

In a simple answer, it turned into a chaotic Duma. As the new Premier and successor to Mikhail Skobelev, Pyotr Balashov attempted to lead the VNS alongside his faction.

But obviously not everyone followed Balashov, many of the greens, hundreds blacks and others effectively refused to follow Balashov's leadership. This leads to the dissolution of the VNS (Pan-Russian National Union) as a political party.

If the VNS was unable to act as a cohesive unit, there was no effective right to lead the Third (III) Duma.

Balashov and his followers managed to make an alliance with the Kadets, Septembrists, right-wing moderates of the old VNS, some independents and the progressives of Pyotr Stolypin.

Effectively forming a coalition of center, moderate right and progressive.

But simply the new coalition led by Balashov (the NPB, New Progressive Bloc) was not effective enough to rule the Third Duma in its entirety.

With an effectively mutilated right at the moment, and the New Progressive Bloc being insufficient. It was clear to whom the Duma fell, the Third Duma effectively became a Duma dominated by the parties of the left.

At that time the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party of Iosif V. Stalin and its alliance with the moderate leftists of Alexander F. Kerensky.

Attempts to reform, restore or resurrect the VNS (Pan-Russian National Union) would effectively die or fail from 1917 onwards.

The Russian right-wing factions have not come together in a similar way in a long time, even to this day, any similar coalition is usually center-right, big-tent multi-party or just really short-lived.

In 1917, Tsar Nicholas II set out to abolish the Third Duma and immediately call elections, but after discussions with Premier Balashov, the council of ministers, and other politicians, the Tsar declined this decision.

But it was clear that the policy of the Russian Empire had changed forever with the death of Mikhail Skobelev of natural causes.

Skobelev's party ceased to exist with the death of Skobelev, leaving in its place several independent right-wing groups and politicians without a platform.

Those more skilled managed to save their own cliques, but it was certainly not enough to save the right-wing government that Skobelev had formed and led (which had been an important part of politics since 1910).

a-photograph-of-czar-nicholas-ii-taken-after-his-abdication-march-1917-colorized-by-ahmet-asar-ahmet-asar.jpg

Nicholas II in March of 1917, some time after of the death of Premier Mikhail Skobelev.​

*******

[National Salvation Directory]

With the dissolution of the Pan-Russian National Union, it was clear that the situation in the Third Duma was far more worrisome than many thought within the Russian Empire.

Faced with this situation, an extraordinary meeting was held, led by Admiral Alexander V. Kolchak and his allies from the Gangut Circle, in the city of Petrograd.

They discussed precisely the dissolution of the VNS and the response to be made to the conflict within the Duma under the leadership of Balashov.

It was clear that Balashov was not as strong a leader as Skobelev and that the Third Duma had serious problems in its functioning.

There was a huge discussion, about whether the circle should act now or later. With the alarming power that the left now possessed within the Third Duma, it seemed that the time to act had been shortened too much.

Finally, the second option was favored by the leadership of the group, considering that the rush to act could be precisely its end.

Admiral Kolchak and his allies made a secret manifesto, creating the Spravochnik Natsional'nogo Spaseniya (Справочник национального спасения), translated as the Directory of National Salvation. An organization whose objective was to prevent the government of the Russian Empire from falling into the hands of the RSDLP.

Regardless of cost or method.

With the formation of the National Salvation Directorate, Admiral Kolchak primarily set out to collect some of the politicians and factions that broke away from the VNS.

But time was running out for Kolchak, especially when the authorities of the Russian Empire found out about this.

*[Perspective]

The man was sitting on a bench, a little uncomfortable.

Recently this man had been present at the founding of the National Salvation Directory, and although the man was certainly not in favor of all the government's decisions ... he had become disenchanted with Kolchak's ideas. Product of extreme loyalty to the Russian state, although even he had his deviations.

Then the man met that contact who wanted a meeting.

'Yasha'.

The man told Yasha everything he knew about Kolchak and his conspiracies against the Russian state, to which Yasha clearly heard.

"We had some suspicions, but without a doubt this is definitive evidence." Yasha exclaims at this information.

"That?". The man asks surprised, there is a slight smile on Yasha.

"No movement goes unnoticed. No matter how tiny." Yasha proclaims. "Mr. Kornilov, do you understand the seriousness of the matter?"

Lavr Kornilov nodded.

"Very well, then you better accept some clear instructions." Yasha indicates, those instructions obviously came from Nicholas II and Salin.

Lavr Kornilov effectively became a double agent for the Loyalists while the National Salvation Directorate made its moves.

Attacking the circle directly was not Nicholas II's goal at the moment.

Why?

Very simple, because Nicholas II and his associates wanted to purge all dissident elements from the roots, in a single moment. Brutal but fast.

Kolchak gave them the perfect excuse to carry out a brutal blow against their enemies, heading for the formation of the New Russia of the post-Alexandrian period.

The threat would allow Tsar Nicholas II's circle of trust to effectively consolidate power through a crisis and the elimination of potential enemies.

Kolchak was somewhat underestimated, but the balance tipped heavily in favor of Nicholas II and his allies.

*******

[Romanov]

Early in 1917, Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolaevich Romanov finally turned 18, an important step in adulthood for the second Romanov in the line of succession (after Tsesarevich Nicholas).

"I want you to understand that driving is risky." Tsar Nicholas II mentions while he gives his second son the keys to a new car, a gift for the Grand Duke.

"Sure thing Old Man!" Grand Duke Mikhail exclaims, though he really wasn't paying much attention before jumping into the car and driving with quite a bit of excitement.

"I'm not that old." Tsar Nicholas II mentions (approaching 49 years), Empress Elena just laughs a little.

"He's young, he's just having fun." The empress responds calmly.

The young Grand Duke returns soon after a round, giving a walk to some of his family members, such as his mother and younger siblings.

Grand Duke Mikhail was very sociable, which was not bad ... but there is a difference between joy and overuse of pleasure.

Mikhail Nikolaevich Romanov was the latter, preferring a life of festivities and hedonism over imperial responsibility.

Which of course bothered the much more serious Tsar Nicholas II.

Tsesarevich Nicholas and Grand Duke Mikhail were simply not interested in many of the affairs of the state, while the rest of the Tsar's sons were still too young for such matters.

The situation was problematic, in the opinion of Tsar Nicholas II.

But they were all still his children ...

*******

[International]

March 2, King Edward VIII carries out an important banking reform, on the one hand many banks are centralized in the central government of the Imperial Federation and on the other hand many suffer a 'Privatization'.

The term Privatization arises precisely from the policies of the Imperial Federation, passing public assets into useful private hands quite frequently.

* Jewish and other non-Anglo assets went to the state.

* Assets of some political enemies and non-Anglo figures passed into the private hands of allies and Anglo-Saxons.

In part this follows two somewhat contradictory doctrines, on the one hand the power of the state within the Imperial Federation and on the other hand the extreme corporatism of British capitalism.

The measure has both successes and disadvantages, but in general there is an important development in the bureaucracy and functioning of the Imperial Federation, which bears some fruit later on.

Although these fruits, they depended a lot on the non-European territories and colonies of the Imperial Federation. An economy highly dependent on looting, like the Roman army.

January 4, earthquake of magnitude 6.5 shakes part of the island of Taiwan, part of the Empire of Japan at that time.

The leader of a column of rebellious natives in Russian Tanzania is assassinated by Imperial troops and loyalist collaborators. Ending the activities of local tribal rebellions soon after, through similar methods.

Patent and Trademark Office Society is established by the Ford administration in the United States, of course this patent office has always been full of controversies for various matters and corruption.

January 9, the Sudanese rebel columns continue to succeed in defeating French troops in the Sudan region. Marshal Philippe Petain finds problems in continuing to maintain the French state.

In many ways, African France has been totally lost due to the decline of the Second Empire, socialist revolutions, wars, and other problems.

At this point, the military junta is in no-return and the possibility of regaining what was lost is minimal.

January 10, the National Republican Party successfully attacks women's suffrage movements in and around Washington D.C.

The party is very strange in certain social matters.

January 14, Russian socialist Lev Trotsky visits New York City, United States.

In New York Trotsky meets with the American socialist Ludwig Lore, leading to the publication of the Marxist magazine The Class Struggle.

Trotsky had some strange ideas of socialism in the United States, for example he believed that once the United States will adopt socialism, Americans will stop eating gum.

Violence between militants in the navy and the Japanese army intensifies again.

* [Free Republic of Germany]

The Volks-Kanzler (People's Chancellor) Karl Liebknecht created the first Nationale Einheitsfront der Freien Republik Deutschland (National United Front of the Free Republic of Germany).

What was the National United Front?

While it is true that politically the government was led by the Communist Party (KPD) for administrative matters, Liebknecht and other German communists believed in the need for some compromise with other organizations.

These organizations were supposed to uphold socialism and follow the final decisions of the government, but they had certain freedoms.

The organizations that joined the National United Front were mainly industrial unions (that is, the union representing each sector of the German economy), popular organizations (such as charity) and representatives of the armed forces.

The National United Front was in essence an extension of the concepts of centralist socialist government and collective government.

Although in the National United Front, the KPD and these associated bodies discussed numerous ideas, finally when a final decision was made, there was no further discussion (all members had to abide by that decision).

In summary, in the United Front there were several organizations discussing ideas until reaching a final decision (Democratic Centralism).

Obviously not everyone was satisfied with the National United Front, especially those hard-line conservatives who saw it as an unwarranted capacity for criticism of the government.

But Liebknecht's decision was final in this regard, and the National United Front endured through the initial stages of socialist rule.

Both Liebknecht, as some of his successors.

Red Germany was entering a good time during the post-war period, and they were closely interacting with the rest of the socialist world.

The question was whether Red Europe was run collectively, was it a club run by Germany and France, or would it be run exclusively by one of the great socialist powers (France or Germany).

Under Costantino Lazzari, Francisco Largo Caballero, Jules Guesde and Liebknecht there was no doubt, the coalition was collective ... But these leaderships do not last forever.

*******

January 18, the professionalization of the troops of the Emirate of Ha'il continues successfully thanks to the help of the Russian Empire and the economic reforms of the emirate.

As a result of this the Emirate of Ha'il begins a rise in military power. Due to this, from then on Ha'il is one of the largest exporters (especially exporting to Asia and Africa) and importers of weapons (buying especially from Europe and America).

The Emirate of Ha'il embraces a certain militarism, but the army and the rest of the armed forces have never (fully) directed the political affairs of the country.

January 19, advances in the production of ammunition and weapons in state factories by the Imperial Federation.

January 20, an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.5 struck the Kingdom of Bali, causing landslides that killed 1,500 people.

The Russian Empire sends the Russian Red Cross and humanitarian aid to its small protectorate.

January 22, Henry Ford makes his "Victory in Peace" speech. In Ford's opinion, the United States should return to an isolationist foreign policy in the post-war period.

Focusing more on internal development and re-construction, than external development and other foreign adventures, claiming that the war is the result of Jewish influence in the countries.

Of course, Ford says one thing and sometimes does another, but that has more to do with the realities of Fordism that we see a little forward in time.

While many support Ford in this discourse, who is a charismatic populist, the right-wing members of the National Republican Party and other American revanchists believe that he does not go far enough (or lacks vision on certain issues).

Some of these people understand that Manifest Destiny is not complete or that revenge is needed 'soon' against the British.

Although on other matters ... everyone in the party agrees with Ford's anti-semitism.

January 27, coup in Costa Rica (Alfredo González Flores is overthrown in a military coup by his fellow cabinet member Federico Tinoco Granados and his brother José Joaquín).

As a result of this, there is a two-year military dictatorship in Costa Rica.

January 28, riots in the United Mexican States and some border regions of the United States.

On the one hand, Mexicans upset by the government of the dictator Felix Diaz and on the other, Mexicans upset with the treatment of various US customs officials (including claims of abuse during health inspections).

These riots are solved through the force of the authorities.

However, currently they change something in border matters, changes were made to processing migrants (like having an observing Mexican official on the U.S. side and recognition of the Mexican health certificates).

Nothing fundamental changes in government affairs, since Felix Diaz is convenient for the USA.

February 3, some conflicts between Henry Ford's National Republican Party and the Congress of the United States of America have already begun.

February 5, the Immigration Act of 1917 (Literacy Act, sometimes called the Asiatic Barred Zone Act) is established, one of the acts that most restricted the migration of foreigners to the United States of America.

The act aimed to restrict immigration by imposing literacy tests on immigrants (that is, against illiterates) and creating new categories of inadmissible persons.

This includes the prohibition of immigration of people from the Asia-Pacific area (Republic of China, British India, Afghanistan, Arabia, Burma, Siam, the Malay States, Indonesia, Russian Empire east of the Ural Mountains and most Polynesian islands) .

In part this is the product of previous laws and the prevailing Yellow Peril in many parts of the politics of the United States of America.

February 6, they initiate attacks against non-Germanic peoples (like the Sámi) in Sweden and Norway.

Many of these natives end up in the Russian parts of Scandinavia due to persecution in Sweden and Norway.

February 13, rebel forces carry out important victories to drive the French out of northern Sudan, but the war in the region is not over yet.

February 21, the problems in the Democratic Republic of Greece continue with the struggle between nationalists, socialists and liberal-republicans.

Foreign interference through material support has proven problematic and ineffective in changing the situation there, since the civil war is quite confusing in various parts of the country.

Northern Greece is in many ways a failed state.

February 25, important developments in the internal politics of the Federative Socialist Republic of Italy. The factional division of the Costantino Lazzari government reached a point of no return.

It is true that Lazzari continues as president and dictates many of the country's affairs. But southern Italy is dominated by hardliners while libertarian socialists dominate northern Italy.

Marking an important division of the Communist Party of Italy, which is important for future events after Lazzari dies.

The north especially supports one of Lazzari's protégés, Amadeo Bordiga. Bordiga is also precisely aligned with northern Italy.

While in the south, there was favoritism for the New Order circle of Mussolini, Gramsci and Togliatti.

March 1, death of Antonina Miliukova, wife of the famous Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

March 2, under the Ford administration, the inhabitants of the associated territory of Hispaniola are guaranteed US citizenship.

Without many of the perks of being an American citizen of course, the island remains a colony in all but name.

March 3, debut of director John Martin Feeney, who directs and stars in the lost film The Tornado.

General strike of 20,000 railroad workers and other factories in New York, United States.

*******

*[Fordism]

March 5, 1917, after the 1916 presidential elections, Henry Ford is officially sworn in as President of the United States of America.

This marks the official start of the Ford administration and the first presidency of the National Republican Party. A period marked by what we know today as Fordism.

The doctrine of the administration of President Ford.

Henry Ford was a somewhat complex person and it is not surprising that the Fordist period was also, marked by many trends in post-WW2 America.

It was a time of change and socio-economic and political reconstruction, after the death of the original Republican Party, the decline of Democracy, the rise of socialism in America and a variety of problems.

Ford was progressive in certain matters and much more regressive in others, the Fordist period was marked by several characteristics, such as:

*Populism and Right movements: The United States came from years of inefficient governments and economic-political problems, the population wanted action. In this context, a populist leader who promised action was elected by the masses against the usual parties (Democrat and Republican), at a time of constant ideological polarization.

Ford was the populist leader elected from the right, promising reforms in many ways to get the country back on track.

But the Ford-led march, while successful, was not necessarily in the best interests of the country. At the end of the day the Fordist movement was also closely associated with other extremely dangerous right-wing movements.

Such as the Silver Ligeon, the KKK, radical anti-communists, and the great capitalists of the country. Simply, Ford's vision gave birth to people and movements like the Bush dynasty, Charles Lindbergh, William Dudley Pelley, and Gerald L. K. Smith.

*The time of reconstruction: Ford inherited the country in the post-war period and the last years of the Great Depression, so it is not surprising that his government focused precisely on related aspects, mainly on putting the country and its economy back on going.

The question was: How?

Well, the Ford administration did it through the observation and theory of various countries in the Great Depression and post-war, this was essentially an intervention work.

The Federal Government of the Ford administration took the economy by the horns, launching into the creation of large public projects to generate work (and creating inflation in the process by creating money or debt, for certain loans requested).

We talked about roads, dams, monuments and a variety of other works, many of them were huge.

Ford was heavily inspired on an artistic level by the gigantic and great Roman and Egyptian architecture, seeking to imitate these achievements of humanity in the United States of America.

*The federal government on the rise: The federal government had some centralization under the Ford administration, in the period 1916-1917 / 1918, the Ford presidency made certain reforms to include more powers in certain aspects.

This administrative and economic centralization was due to the rebuilding of New England under the Ford administration.

The federal government simply began to play a much more active role as a result of the interventionism advocated by Ford, especially in inter-state projects, economic activity and urban planning (with the government planning entire cities).

Urban planning was of enormous interest to Ford, as it resulted in Fordist architecture, designed to be practical in ending the housing crisis, attacking poverty, and facilitating relations between industry and citizens.

Resulting in large geometric shapes in factories and housing districts. Also obviously Ford helped to popularize public transportation and transportation by car, very necessary for mobilization in the United States.

In this planning case, Ford took inspiration from Russia and the socialist countries of Europe, known for their fairly developed urban planning.

Although of course there were ideological and aesthetic differences in what was urban planning.

This reforms undoubtedly pitted Ford against certain parts of the US government, such as Congress or the Supreme Court, but the president managed to come out ahead due to several factors.

*Corporatism:Ford defended very particular ideas in the labor aspect, he was very openly opposed to the unions and the workers' organization against capitalism. Consequently we see a trend of Fordism moving towards Big Business, allowing large corporations to occupy prominent aspects in the United States.

For Ford, the key to the economy was entrepreneurs and business leadership within the private economy. Ford himself liked to personally intervene in many matters rather than delegate, part of this doctrine.

As a result, the Ford administration was obviously against Labor movements and very pro-business, but it got to a point further than the rest.

In Fordism the corporations made wide movements in politics, business cliques even obtained representation in governmental-political affairs and considerable influence.

This was the result of the remnants of the Clark administration and Ford's own actions, which did not fight against monopolies and many of the more inappropriate practices of American capitalism.

Furthermore, Fordism accepted them very openly, especially the consumerism and mass production offered by developed capitalism.

* Isolationism (in almost all places):Ford and his administration once again took a turn toward isolationism, to some extent. For Ford, war was a troublesome business and he was against many foreign adventures, even thinking of a kind of re-approach to the Imperial Federation.

This is why we see a weakening of the position of the United States in certain parts of the world ...

But this did not suit everyone, especially the growing privately-owned military-industrial complex that emerged after years of democratic rule and war in Mexico and the New Great War.

As a consequence, Ford continued to feed the military industrial complex, but only in certain parts.

These parts were the United Mexican States, Hispaniola, Central America (Panama and the countries within the American sphere) and the United States itself (the private complex supplying the federal troops, using troops against ... internal problems, etc).

Ford was basically against intervention, except on certain issues. As was for example the American dominion over the 'Banana Republics' of Cetral America, the American territories and their Mexican puppet.

There Ford was completely in favor of imperialism and weapons experimentation, which included various crimes against humanity we must say.

*Race relationship and labor reform:Although Ford was anti-Semitic and still a man of his time, opposing many concepts of racial-sexual equality or labor unionization, he still had certain reforms in these aspects.

For example, Ford actively promoted the eight-hour workday, which became popular during his administration, and although he did not attack much of the racism in the United States (he segregated into private companies, the KKK and the like). He was in favor of equal pay for workers of different races.

In short, a lot did not change (fundamentally) but there were changes that were indeed positive in certain ways.

*City and industry over agriculture and rural places: Ford was a true populist man, but it was clear that his government actively favored the more industrialized states and cities over the rural environment and its inhabitants.

It was clear that certain of Ford's reforms reached the field, especially urban planning and public works of various kinds, but the field was never Ford's interest or attention.

This is why the National Republican Party was never particularly popular in the Solid South or had an adequate response against the Dust Bowl.

But in any case the Ford administration was able to mobilize a large population, even from the countryside (as long as they were outside the Solid South).

*Anti-Semitism. It does't need much explanation, but here begun a problematic time for the Jewish-Americans, which only got from bad to worse after the Ford administration.

GM-Headquarters-1919.jpg

corbusier-plan-voisin.jpg

Example of the Fordist architecture that proliferated in America during and decades after Ford administration.

1-Departmental buildings for American Citizens.

2-A example of a model for the construction of a city based in Fordist design during the 1920s.​

How does democracy die? The truth is that democracy dies from the inside, not from the outside. For many presidencies, several of America's problems have been seen, which seem to have no solution.

The polarization of the population in everything is a key point, but the breaking point has not yet been reached on several issues.

When does democracy really die? It's hard to answer ...

Military, capitalists and politicians, many are willing to sell democracy when the time comes. When charismatic leaders and trouble come.

Roman Democracy did fall, why not others?

*******

On March 6, Edward Rydz-Śmigły establishes the Polski Komitet (Polish Committee) in the City of London, Imperial Federation.

The PK claims to be a kind of organization representing a Polish government in exile, just another attempt at separatism by the Poles.

March 8, officially the end of the Revolutionary Bengal, crushed by British troops, which gives a boost to the popularity of King Edward VIII and his rule.

While it is true that communist guerrillas continue in Bengal, they are not as powerful as before. Resistance however continues, especially strongly in the Pakistan region and some areas of the north-central Raj.

The National Republican Party continues to have political victories in the internal politics of the United States, passing laws against filibustering and other useful measures.

March 9, kick off some of New England's major rebuilding reforms, closely led by large Wall Street conglomerates and Prescott Sheldon Bush of the National Republican Party.

Following Ford's instructions and interventions of course, but there was room for the freedom of urban planners in the monumental related projects.

Large blocks of civil apartments, wide streets for vehicles, large factories, etc. were built.

While other officers and corporations take care of New England, Ford personally directs the rebuilding of Washington D.C. His 'baby' in terms of planning.

Washington D.C and its surroundings would be turned into a kind of fortress, strongly inspired by Greco-Roman art.

March 14, great movements in China, both civil war governments plan major expeditions with the intention of ending their enemies.

On the one hand, the government in Canton-Wuhan (led by Wang Jingwei ans Liao Zhongkai Left Kuomintang), plans its Eastern Expedition, to end the government of Nanking-Shanghai.

On the other hand, the Nanking-Shanghai government of the Right Kuomintang of Chiang Kai-shek, plans an Eastern Expedition, to put an end to the Left Kuomintang.

The aforementioned expeditions delay the end of the conflict rather than solve it, since they extend until 1918 and do not lead to the final end of the conflict until the 1920s.

March 20, laws pass in the Imperial Parliament that further strengthen the centralized government of the Imperial Federation, in opposition to the federalist and decentralizing positions.

This is partly thanks to the support of the All-British Party (and the Social Aristocracy) in New Zealand, Australia and Canada.

We speak of the Imperial Federation having a unified Cabinet for military, economic, judicial and some other matters.

Effectively making one of the most powerful periods in the entire British Empire.

But it is still not enough for King Edward VIII.

March 26, the Imperial Federation establishes the Imperial War Museum.

*******

*[Perspective]

It was March 1, a seemingly common spring day, where a 23-year-old Chinese student was reading the newspaper.

The student lived in Beijing City, part of the Zhili Republic, at the construction stage of it. The apartment building was new, but it had a beautiful view and decent living conditions.

Even for a student and his roommates.

A vivid and dignified life and stay.

Living under the boot of the Russian Empire wasn't exactly good, but it had its positives.

The student read about Mikhail Skobelev's death and a bit of politics, but he really didn't care too much.

After the morning the student went to the library for his work as an assistant, but something nearby caught his attention.

The young student observed a very interesting advertisement, with a promising offer to obtain a new profession in art.

As a citizen of the old Qing Dynasty, the young man had grown up with many literary classics and the publicity was promising.

Offers ranged from jobs creating propaganda, entry into the film industry and other student scholarships, to free rations for up-and-coming Chinese students.

He even the possibility of going to higher studies.

Very good, if it was true. So the student gave it a try.

Mao Zedong was accepted for scholarships from the Russian Empire and began his two-year journey through the empire, before finally settling down and finally entering the major leagues of artists in 1925.